Climate Change State of Play 2025: in a rapidly warming world prediction of risk levels and consequences are raising red flags for the planet and humanity

 

Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, News:

IFoA research included in key climate-risk reports for global finance ministers

17 June 2025

The Institute and Faculty of Actuaries has provided a summary of recent climate-related risk research which has been included in reports sent to global finance ministers. These reports were provided ahead of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank Group (WBG) 2025 Spring Meetings in late April.

IFoA Fellows and sustainability risk actuaries Sandy Trust and Georgi Bedenham sit on the Technical Advisory Group set up to advise the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action. This coalition is supported by the IMF and WBG and brings together fiscal and economic policymakers from 97 countries.

The series of IFoA research reports started in 2022 with ‘Climate Emergency – tipping the odds in our favour: A climate change policy briefing for COP27’. In 2023, we released ‘Emperor’s New Climate Scenarios – a warning for financial services’. This was followed in 2024 with ‘ClimateScorpion – the sting is in the tail’. Although coming too late for the IMF/WBG spring meeting briefings to finance ministers, the latest in the series was released in January 2025 entitled ‘Planetary Solvency – finding our balance with nature’.

Sandy Trust, IFoA Council member and IFoA Climate Risk series lead author, said:

“There is an urgent need for finance ministries to include realistic and current climate assessments risk into their economic analysis and modelling approaches. Global warming has accelerated, and the 12-month average temperature is now above the 1.5°C goal. This is driving increasingly severe impacts – fires, floods, heat, and droughts – which are coming sooner than expected, are worse than expected and outside model projections. Climate change is fast becoming a national security issue with food, water and heat stresses impacting populations.

“Finance ministries have to support important government decisions on prioritisation of climate change action. We urge ministers to adopt a set of principles to develop realistic economic assessments of climate impacts and opportunities. Our contribution to the reports provided ahead of the IMF and World Bank meetings are designed to draw attention to the limitations of first generation climate risk models which understate risks and provide some very specific recommendations to better assess the economic impact of climate change.”

Kartina Tahir Thomson, IFoA President, said: 

“Climate change is a risk management issue on a global scale. If we want to avoid severe disruption to the economy and our global society, we need to take action to reduce emissions, limit warming, mitigate the extent of future climate risks and adapt to those we cannot avoid.

“It is great to see this IFoA research being delivered direct to policymakers in over 90 countries. Given their skills and expertise in assessing long-term risk, actuaries are well placed to help draw attention to these climate risk challenges and to offer solutions.”

The report was included in the Coalition of Finance Ministers’ for Climate Action’s Helsinki Principle 4 initiative ‘Economic Analysis for Green and Resilient Transitions’. The IFoA’s contribution was part of its newly published Compendium of Practice.

**********

Excerpt from The urgent need for Ministries of Finance to factor systemic climate risk into their economic analysis and modeling approaches and principles for doing so: a view from the insurance and pensions industry, June 2025:

Key findings—realistic economic analysis to support Ministry of Finance decisions

1. Ministries of Finance have to support important government decisions on the prioritization of climate change, e.g., how much effort to expend on countering it, relative to the effort that must be spent on other issues. They use integrated assessment models (IAMs) to assess economic implications of climate change risks and opportunities, including policy decisions on incentives to accelerate the transition and how to build resilience into societies to withstand anticipated climate impacts.

2. However, IAMs have significant limitations, meaning they can understate both the climate risks and the economic opportunities arising from the energy transition. Basing policy decisions on these models may lead to inadequate adaptation, loss of resilience, and missed economic opportunities.

3. To address these limitations, MoFs should adopt a set of principles to develop realistic economic assessments of climate impacts and opportunities, including adopting a precautionary-principle approach, developing risk management capacity, and providing decision-makers with better information. 

4. MoFs should lead the development of National Transition Plans (NTPs)—strategic pan economy plans that direct private sector action around financing, incentivizing, coordinating, and enabling the transition. NTPs should include requirements for realistic risk assessment to support policy decisions to accelerate mitigation and build resilient infrastructure.

5. The backdrop to this analysis is that global warming has accelerated, and the 12-month average temperature is now above the 1.5°C goal. Record high temperatures are occurring continuously across the globe, with multiple locations now experiencing 40°C–50°C peaks. Polar regions are experiencing temperatures 30°C–40°C higher than normal. This trend will likely continue as emissions are ongoing and other factors, such as forest fires, ice loss, and loss of aerosol cooling, are driving warming.

6. This trend is having increasingly severe impacts—fires, floods, heat, and droughts. Climate change is becoming a national security issue, with food, water, and heat stresses impacting populations. If it goes unchecked, then mass mortality, involuntary mass migration events and/or severe GDP contraction are likely.

7. But warming above 1.5°C is extremely risky, with a high chance of triggering multiple climate tipping points, such as the collapse of ice sheets, permafrost melt, Amazon dieback, and halting major ocean current circulation. Impacts could be catastrophic, including significant loss of capacity to grow major staple crops, multi-meter sea-level rise, and further acceleration of climate change through the release of greenhouse gases.

In 2022 in its first term the Albanese Labor Government joined the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action (created in 2018-19), as of May 2025 this coalition comprises of 98 members supported by 21 Institutional Partners and 9 Knowledge Partners.

NOTE: The United States of America, Russia, Israel & North Korea are notable absences from the membership list to date.

Additionally in 2022 the Australian Treasury joined the International Platform on Sustainable Finance (launched in 2019).

Cartoons of the Week

David Pope

David Rowe

Cathy Wilcox

Assistant Minister for Social Services, Assistant Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence & Labor MP for Richmond Justine Elliot announces 26 Safe Places will be provided in Tweed Shire

 

Assistant Minister for Social Services Assistant, Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence & Labor MP for Richmond Justine Elliot has announced that the Safe Places Emergency Accommodation Program will provide 26 Tweed Safe Places in Tweed Shire.

This emergency accommodation for women is part of the Albanese Labor Government commitment of $100 million over five years up to 2026-27 to continue the Safe Places program through the Safe Places Inclusion Round begun in 2023.

This initiative is part of the Government’s investment in women’s safety and the National Plan to End Violence against Women and Children 2022-2032.

More emergency accommodation and support for women and childrenexperiencing family and domestic violence

9 July 2024

Joint with:

The Hon Amanda Rishworth MP

Minister for Social Services

Member for Kingston

The Hon Justine Elliot MP

Assistant Minister for Social Services

Assistant Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence

Member for Richmond

The Albanese Labor Government is committed to improving accessibility and availability of emergency accommodation for women and children experiencing family and domestic violence.

Under the Safe Places Emergency Accommodation Inclusion Round, 19 new projects will be funded to deliver around 720 new safe places across Australia over the next three years, as a result of successful grant applications.

The Safe Places Emergency Accommodation Program provides a capital investment to fund the building, renovation or purchase of emergency accommodation to support women and children in circumstances, where staying safely at home is not possible.

Around 4200 women and children are currently supported each year by Safe Places sites with temporary housing, and also case management and additional supports while accessing the services.

The Safe Places Inclusion Round supports the Government’s program of reform to improve women’s safety under the National Plan to End Violence against Women and Children 2022-2032.

Any women and children experiencing violence, regardless of background, will be able to access the new emergency accommodation. However, the projects will have a focus on improving inclusion and access for First Nations women and children, women and children from CALD backgrounds and women and children with disability.

This will be achieved through dwelling design and/or other specialised, accessible and culturally safe supports. The grant round also prioritised projects in locations with high unmet demand to help ensure victim-survivors can access emergency accommodation where and when they need it.

Minister for Social Services, Amanda Rishworth said ensuring women and children have safe, secure emergency accommodation to turn to is vital when experiencing family and domestic violence.

“Family and domestic violence is one of the leading causes of homelessness and housing uncertainty for women and children across Australia, and we know there is an increased demand for emergency accommodation,” Minister Rishworth said.

“We are funding the delivery of around 720 new safe places, which will bring the total number of emergency accommodation places delivered under the Safe Places Program across Australia to around 1500 once projects are completed.

“The new projects will have a focus on improving inclusion and access to support for First Nations women and children, women and children with disability, and women and children from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, who we know can face unique challenges and barriers to accessing support when experiencing violence.”

Projects will be funded in each state and territory and were selected for funding through an open competitive grant round. All projects are expected to be complete and delivering services by June 2027.

Assistant Minister for the Prevention of Family Violence Justine Elliot said it was important anyone experiencing or fleeing domestic violence had a safe place to go.

“Anyone experiencing family or domestic violence should have access to a safe place, where they can connect with specialised services and supports that effectively meet their needs,” Assistant Minister Elliot said.

“Along with states and territories we are committed to ending violence against women and children in one generation through our investments under the National Plan and this investment will help to progress this goal.”

For more information on the Safe Places Emergency Accommodation Program visit the Department of Social Services website.

If you or someone you know is experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, domestic, family or sexual violence, call 1800RESPECT on 1800 737 732, chat online via www.1800RESPECT.org.au, or text 0458 737 732.

Feeling worried or no good? No shame, no judgement, safe place to yarn. Speak to a 13YARN Crisis Supporter, call 13 92 76. This service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

If you are concerned about your behaviour or use of violence, you can contact the Men’s Referral Service on 1300 766 491 or visit www.ntv.org.au.

After 1,700 women were murdered by an intimate partner in the last 34 years & 8 months up to March 2024, finally an Australian Government creates an accessible public record of such deaths

For the last 34 years and 8 months an average 4 women a month have been murdered by a current or former intimate partner.

Finally an Australian federal government has moved to make an easily accessible public record of such deaths. 

In large measure as a response to women from Destroy The Joint who, by a sustained monthly recording of all females mentioned in the media after dying a violent death from September 2012 onwards, kept a spotlight on the issue of lethal violence against women and girls.

Counting Dead Women 
a Destroy the Joint project

Eight women were killed in June alone, three in as many days and 17 more women have been killed than at this same time last year. [ABC News, 1 July 2024]

NSW Police News:

UPDATE:Fatal house fire - Lalor Park

Sunday, 07 July 2024 05:11:32 AM

A man is in custody following a fatal house fire in Sydney’s west.

About 1am today (Sunday 7 July 2024), emergency services were called to Freeman Street, Lalor Park, following reports of a house fire.

On arrival of emergency services, one nine-year-old girl and three boys aged eleven, seven and six were treated at the scene by NSW Ambulance Paramedics and taken to Westmead hospital in stable condition.

Two boys – aged two and four – were treated at the scene by NSW Ambulance paramedics and taken to Westmead Hospital in a critical condition; however, they died a short time later.

Fire and Rescue NSW extinguished the fire before a third child – believed to be a 10-month-old girl – was found deceased.

The three children are yet to be formally identified.

A 29-year-old woman has been taken to hospital for smoke inhalation.

Officers attached to Blacktown Police Area Command arrested 28-year-old man at the scene; he was treated for smoke inhalation and taken to hospital under police guard.

Police have commenced an investigation into the circumstances surrounding the incident.

A report will be prepared for the information of the Coroner.

Anyone with information about this incident is urged to contact Crime Stoppers: 1800 333 000 or https://nsw.crimestoppers.com.au. Information is treated in strict confidence. The public is reminded not to report information via NSW Police social media pages. [My yellow highlighting in article]

Det Supt Danny Doherty described the circumstances as “incredibly tragic”. He alleged that a 28-year-old man arrested at the scene attempted to prevent police and emergency services from rescuing those inside the home. The man is the father of the deceased children, police confirmed. [The Guardian, 7 July 2024]

Homicide in Australia

Intimate partner homicide dashboard (data commencing 1 January 2024 & updated quarterly) can be found at:

https://www.aic.gov.au/statistics/homicide-in-australia

Independent Review of the Food and Grocery Code of Conduct's Interim Report delivered its "Firm Recommendations" on 8 April 2024

There are 21 days left to have your say on this discussion paper. Submissions close 30 April 2024.

Go to https://treasury.gov.au/consultation/c2024-510813 for details.

Submissions to the Interim Report will assist Dr Emerson in preparing a Final Report, which will be provided to the Government by 30 June 2024

IndependentReview of the Food and Grocery Code of Conduct – Interim Report, 5 April 2024, excerpts:

PAGE 1

A heavy imbalance in market power between suppliers and supermarkets in Australia’s heavily concentrated supermarket industry necessitates an enforceable code of conduct. An effective code of conduct would benefit smaller suppliers and consumers by enabling suppliers to innovate and invest in modern equipment to provide better products at lower cost.

The existing Food and Grocery Code of Conduct (the Code) is not effective. It contains no penalties for breaches and supermarkets can opt out of important provisions by overriding them in their grocery supply agreements.......

PAGES 2-3

The Review has held more than 40 meetings, as well as receiving 56 submissions in response to the Consultation Paper that was released on 5 February 2024. In addition, 2 roundtables were co-convened by the Review with the Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Senator the Hon Murray Watt, involving members of the National Famers’ Federation, various primary producer representative groups, meat and other agricultural processors, and the trade union movement.

The terms of reference for the Review ask whether the Food and Grocery Code (the Code) should be retained as a voluntary code, made mandatory or scrapped altogether. The Review has found that the heavy imbalance in market power between the major supermarkets and their smaller suppliers necessitates the continuation of a Food and Grocery Code of Conduct in some form. The Code should not be scrapped.

A mandatory Code that is the best of both worlds

The Review’s central, firm recommendation is that the voluntary Code be made mandatory and subject to enforcement by the ACCC. The mandatory Code should apply to all large supermarkets that meet an annual revenue threshold of $5 billion (indexed for inflation). Revenue would be in respect of carrying on business as a grocery ‘retailer’ or ‘wholesaler’ (as defined in the voluntary Code). At this stage this would capture Coles, Woolworths, ALDI and Metcash. All suppliers to these businesses would be covered by the Code.....

PAGE 7

Firm recommendations

Firm recommendations of the Interim Report are as follows and will not change. [my yellow highlighting]

• Recommendation 1: The Food and Grocery Code of Conduct should be made mandatory.

• Recommendation 2: All supermarkets that meet an annual revenue threshold of $5 billion (indexed for inflation) should be subject to the mandatory Code. Revenue should be in respect of carrying on business as a ‘retailer’ or ‘wholesaler’ (as defined in the voluntary Code). All suppliers should be automatically covered.

• Recommendation 3: The Code should place greater emphasis on addressing the fear of retribution. This can be achieved by including protection against retribution in the purpose of the Code and by prohibiting any conduct that constitutes retribution against a supplier.

• Recommendation 4: As part of their obligation to act in good faith, supermarkets covered by the mandatory Code should ensure that any incentive schemes and payments that apply to their buying teams and category managers are consistent with the purpose of the Code.

• Recommendation 5: To guard against any possible retribution, supermarkets covered by the mandatory Code should have systems in place for senior managers to monitor the commercial decisions made by their buying teams and category managers in respect of a supplier who has pursued a complaint through mediation or arbitration.

• Recommendation 6: A complaints mechanism should be established to enable suppliers and any other market participants to raise issues directly and confidentially with the ACCC.

• Recommendation 8: A Code Supervisor (previously the Code Reviewer) should produce annual reports on disputes and on the results of the confidential supplier surveys.

• Recommendation 10: Penalties for non-compliance should apply, with penalties for more harmful breaches of the Code being the greatest of $10 million, 10 per cent of turnover, or 3 times the benefit gained from the contravening conduct. Penalties for more minor breaches would be 600 penalty units ($187,800 at present)....

PAGES 70-71

Facilitating stronger competition in grocery retailing

Greater competition in grocery retailing and wholesaling would not only improve the negotiating position of smaller suppliers, but it would also deliver better prices to consumers. From the perspective of consumers and the economy at large, competition is good, but more competition is even better.

To address wider recommendations is very important for [the] wider advance in policy reform since the current Government is appropriately establishing many reviews and inquiries in many individual areas. But it lacks a proper mechanism devoted to adding up and integrating the results. [Professor Withers and Professor McEwin (Australian National University), Submission to the Consultation Paper, 23 February 2024, p1]

A reformed Food and Grocery Code is one of several cost-of-living and pro-competition inquiries and measures being undertaken at present. Other inquiries and initiatives are outlined briefly below.

ACCC Supermarket Inquiry 2024-25

On 1 February 2024, the Treasurer, the Hon Dr Jim Chalmers MP, directed the ACCC to undertake a 12-month price inquiry into the supermarket sector to ensure Australians are paying a fair price for their everyday groceries.

The inquiry will examine the competitiveness of retail prices for everyday groceries. Matters to be considered by the inquiry include, but are not limited to:

• The structure of the supermarket industry at the supply, wholesale and retail levels;

• Competition in the industry and how it has changed since 2008, including the growth of online

shopping;

• The competitiveness of small and independent retailers, including in regional and remote

areas;

• The pricing practices of supermarkets;

• Factors influencing prices along the supply chain, including the difference between farmgate

and supermarket prices;

• Any impediments to competitive pricing along the supply chain; and

• Other factors impacting competition, including loyalty programs and third-party discounts.

An issues paper has been published seeking views on the key issues the ACCC will consider in the inquiry. An Interim Report will be provided to the Government by 31 August 2024, with the Final Report due to be provided by 28 February 2025.....

The full 83 page interim report can be read and downloaded at:

https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-04/c2024-510813-ir.pdf

Final Report of the Aged Care Taskforce March 2024: "A strong preference for many older people and their families is for them to age in place and remain in their home for as long as they are able. This was reflected in responses to the stakeholder survey, with 90% of respondents supporting the principle."

 

Given the growing number of people over the age of 65 years living in the Northern Rivers region, this may be of some interest to retirees, their families and friends.

Australian Government, Final report of the Aged Care Taskforce, 12 March 2024, excerpt:

Support older people to age in place

______________________________________

Principle 1: The aged care system should support older people to live at home for as long as they wish and can do so safely.

______________________________________

A strong preference for many older people and their families is for them to age in place and remain in their home for as long as they are able. This was reflected in responses to the stakeholder survey, with 90% of respondents supporting the principle.

The decision of whether an older person wishes to remain at home or enter residential aged care is driven by a wide range of factors. Consultation showed the top reasons for preferring to remain at home included comfort and privacy, a desire to remain independent, better mental and physical health outcomes and maintaining connection to community, friends and family. For other reasons, such as social connectedness, increasing clinical care and safety needs, some older people may choose to enter residential aged care sooner. While overall there is a shift towards ageing in place, it is important to meet each person’s preferences for their aged care and provide continuity of care when needs change.

Home care programs need an overhaul to meet future demand

The current home care programs are not ready to meet the needs of a rapidly growing cohort of older people. Home care currently involves 2 programs, the Home Care Packages Program and the Commonwealth Home Support Programme, that have evolved over time and with different design objectives. This has led to a system where:

• applicant assessments are inconsistent and not well aligned to actual need

• access to services is constrained and inconsistent, and many older people are not receiving an optimal mix of services 

• services are priced and fees are charged inconsistently (see Appendix E for details)

• different funding approaches are impeding the sector from scaling up and diversifying

• there is a lack of clarity about what services should be available.

Those who can access home care under the current system can leave significant funds unspent, while others can wait for months to access services. This is due to existing program constraints, limited availability of services and appropriately skilled workers, as well as behavioural and attitudinal factors. In the Home Care Packages Program, unspent funds as at 30 June 2022 totalled $2.3 billion.16 Prices across the programs are inconsistent and inefficient due to variable price setting arrangements. This undermines the predictability and sustainability of funding and can cause confusion when comparing packages with other participants.

There are also obvious signs of lack of scale and diversification of providers. As the population ages, these issues will need to be addressed to deliver a rapid scaling up of services to meet demand.

The Support at Home Program is an opportunity for generational change in how home care is delivered

It will also be important to make sure home care better meets older people’s needs, while enabling program

scalability and pricing signals that ensure funds are used consistently and in line with program intent. In

addition, home care must provide value for money, transparency and better quality services.

The new Support at Home Program, to be introduced in stages from July 2025, is an opportunity to address

these critical issues in the current home care programs.

As the Support at Home Program is implemented, it will be important to ensure the new arrangements

deliver on the intent of the design and meet the expectations of older people, their families and carers for:

• greater choice and control

• easier and more timely access

• flexibility to adjust services over time as needs change

• better value for money through controls on unreasonable administration fees

• better clarity and transparency around fees and how funding is used.

It is also important that the new arrangements deliver for providers, acknowledging the need for:

• more predictable and sustainable funding that meets the costs of quality service delivery

• recognition of the costs associated with complying with regulatory requirements

• flexibility to adjust services on the ground as participant needs change

• improved use of a qualified and skilled workforce to increase service availability

• appropriate and adequate implementation timeframes.

Support at Home Program inclusions and exclusions need to be more clearly defined than under current programs

The Taskforce was asked to provide advice on program inclusions and participant contributions for the

Support at Home Program. In developing this advice, the Taskforce considered the diverse needs, goals and

circumstances of participants, the intent of the program and the role of other service systems. The

importance of prevention, flexibility and reablement also played a key role in discussions.

The Taskforce notes the Support at Home Program needs much clearer specifications than current programs about what it will and will not fund. The lack of clarity and consistency in inclusions and exclusions in current home care programs has led to confusion between providers and participants. This affects participants’ ability to make informed choices about their care, diminishes value for money in the programs, and could also mean that funds are not used according to the policy intent of home care.

Read and download the full report at:

https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-03/final-report-of-the-aged-care-taskforce_0.pdf

With Aging in Place recommendations on pages 16 to 18.

A simple explanation of the 'right to disconnect' - that is the right to separate your work life from your home & family life

All employees in the national workplace relations system are covered by the National Employment Standards (NES).

This is regardless of the award, registered agreement or employment contract that applies. 

Details can be found at:

https://www.fairwork.gov.au/employment-conditions/national-employment-standards

Considering that Opposition Leader & LNP MP for Dickson Peter Dutton has vowed to repeal the Albanese government’s newly passed tranche of workplace reforms, including the right to disconnect, if the Coalition was to be re-elected to office next year — here is a simple explanation of how, under the law, workers now have the legal right to ignore phone calls and emails made by their employers out of working hours or demands to work unscheduled unpaid hours if the employer's request can be considered unreasonable. In other words, workers have the right to disconnect their home and family life from their work life.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zvKfaKR2UAs

Cartoons of the Week

Alan Moir

Mark David

David Rowe

Cathy Wilcox

Matt Golding

It appears that Peter Dutton's drive to label Labor's proposed amended Stage 3 Tax Cuts as "a betrayal" and his accusation that the PM was "lying to the public" have fallen on predominately deaf ears across the national electorate

The Australian's Newspoll of 4 February 2024 was published Monday 5 February.

This was the first Newspoll of 2024 after a seven week gap since previous polling in December 2023.

The published results are based on a survey of 1,245 voters who were surveyed between Wednesday, 31 January and Saturday, 3 February 2024.

PRIMARY VOTE

Labor (sitting federal government) — 34 (up 1)

Coalition (L-NP opposition) — 36 (no change)

The Greens — 12 (down 1)

One Nation — 7 (no change)

TWO PARTY PREFERRED

Labor — 52 (no change)

Coalition — 48 (no change)

PREFFERED PRIME MINISTER

Anthony Albanese (current incumbent) — 46 (no change)

Peter Dutton (current opposition leader) — 35 (no change)

Uncommitted — 19 (no change)

APPROVAL RATING

Albanese:

Approve 42 (no change)

Disapprove 51 (up 1)

Dutton:

Approve 37 (down 2)

Disapprove 50 (up 2)

PROPOSAL TO AMEND STAGE 3 TAX CUTS

IMAGE: via @GrogsGamut Click on image to enlarge

According to The Australian's Page One on 5 February, "Mr Albanese has said the tax cuts were aimed at Middle Australia. This was supported by the poll results, which showed that 43 per cent of 35- to 49-year-olds said they would be better off and 44 per cent of 50- to 64-year-olds agreeing they would benefit....

The Newspoll showed female voters were significantly more likely to support the tax cuts than men: 65-59 per cent.

Those aged between 50 and 64 were also the most supportive of the change"

The Australian Parliament resumed on Tuesday 5 January, with the government planning to introduce legislation to replace the stage three tax cuts with a new tax rate table

Hopefully the government's amendments will pass unopposed and unamended by the Liberal-Nationals Coalition.

If for no other reason than Morrison's Treasury Laws Amendment in 2019 will no longer survive to fulfil its unofficial alternative title and descriptions: “Treasury Laws Amendment (Tax Relief So Working Australians Keep More Of Their Money But Not For A Really Long Time) Bill 2019” aka "a tax package that is both fiscally irresponsible and unfair", "unfair and unjust", "a con job" making "inequality worse".

Sources:

Australian Parliament, Hansard, June 2018 to July 2019

9 News, 25.01.24

The Daily Telegraph, 26.01.24

AAP General Newswire, 04.02.24

The Australian, 05.02.24

Ghost Who Votes (@GhostWhoVotes), 05.02.24

Grog's Gamut (@GrogsGamut), 05.02.24