Monday, 1 April 2013

Scientists think a 5.7 earthquake was caused by mining wastewater being injected into underground 'compartments'


Population density

Aftershocks 5 -12 November
Click on images to enlarge


Abstract

Significant earthquakes are increasingly occurring within the continental interior of the United States, including five of moment magnitude (Mw) ≥ 5.0 in 2011 alone. Concurrently, the volume of fluid injected into the subsurface related to the production of unconventional resources continues to rise. Here we identify the largest earthquake potentially related to injection, an Mw 5.7 earthquake in November 2011 in Oklahoma. The earthquake was felt in at least 17 states and caused damage in the epicentral region. It occurred in a sequence, with 2 earthquakes of Mw 5.0 and a prolific sequence of aftershocks. We use the aftershocks to illuminate the faults that ruptured in the sequence, and show that the tip of the initial rupture plane is within 200 m of active injection wells and within 1 km of the surface; 30% of early aftershocks occur within the sedimentary section. Subsurface data indicate that fluid was injected into effectively sealed compartments, and we interpret that a net fluid volume increase after 18 yr of injection lowered effective stress on reservoir-bounding faults. Significantly, this case indicates that decades-long lags between the commencement of fluid injection and the onset of induced earthquakes are possible, and modifies our common criteria for fluid-induced events. The progressive rupture of three fault planes in this sequence suggests that stress changes from the initial rupture triggered the successive earthquakes, including one larger than the first.
Received 18 September 2012.
Revision received 23 January 2013.
Accepted 23 January 2013.

Mother Jones March/April 2013:

Such seismic activity isn't normal here. Between 1972 and 2008, the USGS recorded just a few earthquakes a year in Oklahoma. In 2008, there were more than a dozen; nearly 50 occurred in 2009. In 2010, the number exploded to more than 1,000. These so-called "earthquake swarms" are occurring in other places where the ground is not supposed to move. There have been abrupt upticks in both the size and frequency of quakes in Arkansas, Colorado, Ohio, and Texas. Scientists investigating these anomalies are coming to the same conclusion: The quakes are linked to injection wells. Into most of them goes wastewater from hydraulic fracking, while some, as those in Prague, are filled with leftover fluid from dewatering operations.



Sunday, 31 March 2013

NDIS forums in Goonellabah and Ballina next Tuesday 2 April 2013



Visit to Page by Amanda Rishworth MP, 
Parliamentary Secretary for Disabilities and Carers

TIME:  9.00AM – 11.30AM, GOONELLABAH

VENUE: Lismore Workers Sports Club, 202 Oliver Avenue, GOONELLABAH

EVENT: Amanda Rishworth MP and Janelle Saffin MP will deliver the first of 2 local public  forums to update the community on the NDIS legislation that has recently passed Parliament.
           
TIME:   1.00pm – 3.00pm, BALLINA

VENUE:  Richmond Room, Regatta Avenue, BALLINA

EVENT: Amanda Rishworth MP and Janelle Saffin MP will deliver the second public forum on the NDIS legislation.

 Media are welcome at both events.                  

Media contact:  Matt Dunne 0417 287 456

Remembering when 2,000 of cartons of beer fell into the Tweed River.....


From MURBAH2484

Hard work pays off 

A few years back a large beer truck lost its load in the Tweed River just outside the main business area of Murwillumbah. The river was, as a result of this accident, full of imported bottles of beer. 

Now the good citizens of Murwillumbah will always help and on this occasion they went out in force to help – themselves – to the booty that lay on the sandy floor of the river. They came in wet suits and with boats. They spent hours under water retrieving the loot and as night fell it was party time in them tha hills. 

On hearing of this major rescue operation the insurance company for the truck wanted the beer back. No chance. Even the local police (allegedly) had a stash in the lock up!

ABC PM program covered The great beer salvage on 17 April 2001.

An Easter Message


Saturday, 30 March 2013

My day of reckoning is upon me......

Tomas Young’s letter published in Dangerous Minds 19 March 013:

To: George W. Bush and Dick Cheney
From: Tomas Young

I write this letter on the 10th anniversary of the Iraq War on behalf of my fellow Iraq War veterans. I write this letter on behalf of the 4,488 soldiers and Marines who died in Iraq. I write this letter on behalf of the hundreds of thousands of veterans who have been wounded and on behalf of those whose wounds, physical and psychological, have destroyed their lives. I am one of those gravely wounded. I was paralyzed in an insurgent ambush in 2004 in Sadr City. My life is coming to an end. I am living under hospice care.

I write this letter on behalf of husbands and wives who have lost spouses, on behalf of children who have lost a parent, on behalf of the fathers and mothers who have lost sons and daughters and on behalf of those who care for the many thousands of my fellow veterans who have brain injuries. I write this letter on behalf of those veterans whose trauma and self-revulsion for what they have witnessed, endured and done in Iraq have led to suicide and on behalf of the active-duty soldiers and Marines who commit, on average, a suicide a day. I write this letter on behalf of the some 1 million Iraqi dead and on behalf of the countless Iraqi wounded. I write this letter on behalf of us all—the human detritus your war has left behind, those who will spend their lives in unending pain and grief.

I write this letter, my last letter, to you, Mr. Bush and Mr. Cheney. I write not because I think you grasp the terrible human and moral consequences of your lies, manipulation and thirst for wealth and power. I write this letter because, before my own death, I want to make it clear that I, and hundreds of thousands of my fellow veterans, along with millions of my fellow citizens, along with hundreds of millions more in Iraq and the Middle East, know fully who you are and what you have done. You may evade justice but in our eyes you are each guilty of egregious war crimes, of plunder and, finally, of murder, including the murder of thousands of young Americans—my fellow veterans—whose future you stole.

Your positions of authority, your millions of dollars of personal wealth, your public relations consultants, your privilege and your power cannot mask the hollowness of your character. You sent us to fight and die in Iraq after you, Mr. Cheney, dodged the draft in Vietnam, and you, Mr. Bush, went AWOL from your National Guard unit. Your cowardice and selfishness were established decades ago. You were not willing to risk yourselves for our nation but you sent hundreds of thousands of young men and women to be sacrificed in a senseless war with no more thought than it takes to put out the garbage.

I joined the Army two days after the 9/11 attacks. I joined the Army because our country had been attacked. I wanted to strike back at those who had killed some 3,000 of my fellow citizens. I did not join the Army to go to Iraq, a country that had no part in the September 2001 attacks and did not pose a threat to its neighbors, much less to the United States. I did not join the Army to “liberate” Iraqis or to shut down mythical weapons-of-mass-destruction facilities or to implant what you cynically called “democracy” in Baghdad and the Middle East. I did not join the Army to rebuild Iraq, which at the time you told us could be paid for by Iraq’s oil revenues. Instead, this war has cost the United States over $3 trillion. I especially did not join the Army to carry out pre-emptive war. Pre-emptive war is illegal under international law. And as a soldier in Iraq I was, I now know, abetting your idiocy and your crimes. The Iraq War is the largest strategic blunder in U.S. history. It obliterated the balance of power in the Middle East. It installed a corrupt and brutal pro-Iranian government in Baghdad, one cemented in power through the use of torture, death squads and terror. And it has left Iran as the dominant force in the region. On every level—moral, strategic, military and economic—Iraq was a failure. And it was you, Mr. Bush and Mr. Cheney, who started this war. It is you who should pay the consequences.

I would not be writing this letter if I had been wounded fighting in Afghanistan against those forces that carried out the attacks of 9/11. Had I been wounded there I would still be miserable because of my physical deterioration and imminent death, but I would at least have the comfort of knowing that my injuries were a consequence of my own decision to defend the country I love. I would not have to lie in my bed, my body filled with painkillers, my life ebbing away, and deal with the fact that hundreds of thousands of human beings, including children, including myself, were sacrificed by you for little more than the greed of oil companies, for your alliance with the oil sheiks in Saudi Arabia, and your insane visions of empire.

I have, like many other disabled veterans, suffered from the inadequate and often inept care provided by the Veterans Administration. I have, like many other disabled veterans, come to realize that our mental and physical wounds are of no interest to you, perhaps of no interest to any politician. We were used. We were betrayed. And we have been abandoned. You, Mr. Bush, make much pretense of being a Christian. But isn’t lying a sin? Isn’t murder a sin? Aren’t theft and selfish ambition sins? I am not a Christian. But I believe in the Christian ideal. I believe that what you do to the least of your brothers you finally do to yourself, to your own soul.

My day of reckoning is upon me. Yours will come. I hope you will be put on trial. But mostly I hope, for your sakes, that you find the moral courage to face what you have done to me and to many, many others who deserved to live. I hope that before your time on earth ends, as mine is now ending, you will find the strength of character to stand before the American public and the world, and in particular the Iraqi people, and beg for forgiveness.

Tomas Young

 

Quote of the Week


“In the end, all that transpired was that a bunch of self-entitled blokes finally cleared out of the cabinet and left Gillard to get on with the job of running the country instead of baby-sitting their egos.” {Corrine Grant How to burst a blood vessel 26th March 2013}

Friday, 29 March 2013

If this is what several hundred coal seam gas wells would leave behind in Pilliga, what would Metgasco's 1,000 wells do to the Northern Rivers?


No-one could seriously believe that the O’Farrell Government, in its headlong rush to satisfy the coal seam gas industry, has given any thought to the consequences for north east NSW economies based on agriculture, forestry, fishing and tourism after reading what it is prepared to visit on another region.


Artificial lakes will be dug out of the arid soil of the Pilliga district, in north-western NSW, to hold millions of litres of contaminated water from coal seam gas wells.

Gas company Santos plans to drill several hundred wells in the area. The plastic-lined lakes will store the huge volumes of water that will be sucked up, along with gas, from a kilometre underground.

Construction of the lakes, which will hold enough salty brine to fill about 240 Olympic-sized swimming pools, was approved by the state government this week.

That was despite the NSW Environment Protection Authority writing to government planners in January, warning of the "inherent risk" of approving construction before a complete water management plan had been developed.

The site has been plagued previously by contaminated water spills, which were only made public after local residents tipped off the EPA. Investigations continue into the damage caused by the spills, which took place when the site was being managed by another gas company, Eastern Star, in 2010…….

Santos regards the new water storage scheme as a way to close down and rehabilitate the network of small, polluted ponds which dot sections of the Pilliga Forest as a result of drilling test wells, and to consolidate the waste water in one place.

But it is unclear what will happen to the water once it is in the lakes.

The company says it could be treated for use on farms, or injected back underground to "recharge" aquifers that may have been partially drained by the drilling.

Yet treating the briny water will leave behind mounds of salt, probably laced with traces of arsenic and heavy metals, which have been detected in water from test wells already operating on the site.....

Metgasco’s preliminary plans for Casino in the Northern Rivers in 2012: Metgasco says it needs about 1000 wells to make the money it predicts in a recent economic forecast report.