Across
the globe widespread food insecurity is a millennia-old enduring
problem. It was said to affect an estimated 800 million people
worldwide by 2001, with malnutrition in small children being a
significant factor.
Action
Against Hunger defines hunger thus:
Hunger
is the distress associated with lack of food. The threshold for food
deprivation, or undernourishment, is fewer than 1,800 calories per
day.
Undernutrition
goes beyond calories to signify deficiencies in energy, protein,
and/or essential vitamins and minerals.
Malnutrition
refers more broadly to both undernutrition and overnutrition
(problems with unbalanced diets).
Food
security relates to food availability, access, and utilization. When
a person always has adequate availability and access to enough safe
and nutritious food to maintain an active and healthy life, they are
considered food secure.
By
December 2020 UNICEF
was warning that millions of children in crisis hotspots were ‘on
the brink of famine’, highlighting
the need of 10.4 million children in Democratic
Republic of the Congo,
northeast
Nigeria,
the Central
Sahel,
South
Sudan
and Yemen
wiho
are expectedb to suffer
from acute malnutrition in 2021.
The
African continent and Middle East are extreme examples of the world’s
failure to equitably distribute food in times of crisis.
The
Global
Hunger Index 2020
indicates 33
counties experiencing alarming to serious levels of hunger in their
populations
and another 26 countries having moderate levels
of hunger.
However,
although
the Index shows that by comparison OECD countries were the least
affected by hunger, the
COVID-19
global pandemic
is increasing hunger, including
child hunger,
in these
countries.
By
way of example…………..
According
to CNBC
Make
It
in December 2020:
Millions
of Americans are facing hunger as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic —
and many of those are children. An estimated
17 million children could go without enough to eat this year,
according to Feeding America, a leading national nonprofit food bank
network.
Nearly
12% of Americans, or 25.7 million people, reported not having enough
to eat over the past week, according to the latest
Household Pulse Survey released by the U.S. Census Bureau on Dec.
2. Nearly 14 million households with children report they sometimes
or often do not have enough to eat.
In
June 2020 iPolitics
reported:
One
in seven Canadians lived in a household where there was food
insecurity in April and those living with children are more likely to
be impacted from food insecurity resulting from the COVID-19
pandemic, according to a new study from Statistics Canada.
The
survey,
which was part of the Canadian Perspectives Survey Series (CPSS),
collected data from May 4 to 10 from 4,600 respondents in all 10
provinces. Of the participants, 14.6 per cent indicated that they
lived in a household where there was food insecurity in the past 30
days.
The
survey was based on a scale of six “food experiences” ranging
from food not lasting until there was money to buy more, to going
hungry because there was not enough money for food. Most Canadians
reported only one negative experience, but 2 per cent reported the
most severe food insecurity, with five or all six experiences
reported.
Canadians
who were employed during the week of April 26th to May 2nd, but
absent from work due to business closures, layoffs, or other personal
reasons related COVID-19, were more likely to be food insecure (28.4
per cent), compared to who were working during that period (10.7 per
cent). The rate of food insecurity for those who were not employed
during the reference week was in between these two, at 16.8 per cent.
The
Guardian also
reported in September 2020:
New
data from the Food
Foundation [UK
charity] shared
exclusively with the Observer has revealed that almost a fifth of
households with children have been unable to access enough food in
the past five weeks, with meals being skipped and children not
getting enough to eat as already vulnerable families battle isolation
and a loss of income…...
A
reported 30% of lone parents and 46% of parents with a disabled child
are facing food insecurity and finding it difficult to manage basic
nutritional needs at home. With schools no longer providing a
reprieve for children reliant on free breakfast clubs and school
lunches, poorer families are at crisis point…..
The
Borgen Project,
September 2020:
Food
insecurity, fortunately, has reduced to about 10% of New Zealanders
in 2019. But with the outbreak of COVID-19, the Auckland City Mission
estimated that that number had rocketed to 20%. Between citizens
losing jobs, panic-buying at grocery stores and other factors, the
pandemic is threatening more widespread food insecurity in New
Zealand. Emergency food assistance services have seen large spikes in
demand. Additionally, many essential workers may be working full-time
but are still not making enough to put food on the table….
Food
insecurity in New Zealand remains an important problem. In the face
of the COVID-19 outbreak, these problems are becoming harder to
ignore. Recently, CPAG released a paper about its ideas to solve food
insecurity for New Zealand’s youth, including food programs in
schools. It showed that with awareness and advocacy, people can begin
to find solutions to these problems. In fact, the 2020 budget plans
to expand an existing school lunch program to ensure that by the end
of 2021, 200,000 students will receive a healthy lunch every day at
school, up from the 8,000 currently receiving aid from the program.
This sort of increase is a promising step to reducing the amount of
food insecurity for New Zealand’s children.
Additionally,
since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Auckland City Mission
has gone from supporting 450 families to over 1,200 and expect that
number to stay high throughout the winter. Thanks to the 2020 New
Zealand budget, Auckland City Mission will be able to continue
helping those in need.
It
is an unprecedented time for food insecurity in New Zealand,
especially on top of existing challenges lower-income families have
been facing. However, with help from the government and organizations
like Auckland City Mission, the country is beginning to put more
focus on providing food to those who need it most.
In
late 2020
Food
Bank Autralia released
its Food
Bank Hunger Report 2020
which revealed that:
While
COVID-19 has made life even more difficult for already-vulnerable
Australians, it has launched others into food insecurity for the
first time. Almost a third of Australians experiencing food
insecurity in 2020
(28%)
had never experienced it before COVID-19.
Charities
have seen two newly food insecure groups emerging as a result of the
pandemic: the casual workforce and international students…..
Government
assistance such as JobKeeper and JobSeeker, has been a means of
survival for businesses and individuals. For the most vulnerable
people in our communities, however, even with these lifelines, it has
been anything but smooth sailing. Of those who are in
need
of government assistance, only 38% suggest this assistance has helped
their situation, whereas 62% are not receiving the help they need
(37% needed additional assistance, 21% were ineligible, 4% found it
too
difficult to apply)…..
“WE
STARTED TO SEE ANOTHER
LAYER
ON TOP OF OUR REGULAR
CLIENTS,
OF PEOPLE WHO
HADN’T
ACCESSED FOOD RELIEF
BEFORE
AND WERE DOING OKAY
BEFORE
THE PANDEMIC. SOME
HAD
TWO WORKING PEOPLE
IN
THEIR FAMILIES AND THEN
THEY
NO LONGER HAD JOBS…
BECAUSE
THEY WERE THROWN
INTO
THAT SITUATION, THE
LEVELS
OF ANXIETY AND
FEAR
ROSE, PEOPLE WERE
VERY
WORRIED…PEOPLE LIVE
TO
THEIR INCOME. YOU RENT
PLACES
YOU CAN AFFORD ON
YOUR
INCOME SO WHEN YOU
HAVE
NO INCOME, THE FIRST
THING
THAT GOES IS FOOD.”
Angie,
Reservoir Neighbourhood House.
“THE
DEMAND FOR FOOD RELIEF HAS
BEEN
VERY UNPREDICTABLE THIS YEAR.
WE’VE
HAD TO TAKE EACH WEEK AS IT
COMES.
ONE WEEK WE ACTUALLY ENDED
UP
GOING STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
SUPERMARKET
AND SPENDING $600 TO
GET
EXTRA FOOD JUST BECAUSE THE
DEMAND
THAT WEEK WAS FAR GREATER
THAN
WE HAD ANTICIPATED. WE HAD
109
FAMILIES COME THROUGH IN THAT
WEEK
ALONE WHICH WAS 20 MORE THAN
WE
WERE AVERAGING. WE SAW PEOPLE
COMING
MORE OFTEN THAN PRE-COVID
UNTIL
THE JOBSEEKER PAYMENT
INCREASE
AND JOBKEEPER PAYMENTS
CAME.
SOME PEOPLE WERE COMING
MORE
OFTEN AND SOME WERE COMING
LESS
OFTEN DEPENDENT ON WHAT THE
GOVERNMENT
WAS DOING AT THE TIME.”
Peter,
Kingborough Family Church, Hobart.